Circumcision in the Ottoman Empire
Circumcision in the Islamic Faith In this passage, the author begins a new chapter by discussing circumcision and its place […]
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The Spiritual Life of Nimetullah and His Followers
The Character of Nimetullah According to one of his devoted followers, Nimetullah was a man completely dedicated to truth, prayer,
The Shia and Their Beliefs
The Shia, a major sect within Islam, were historically regarded by many in the Ottoman Empire as heretical because their
Belief in Predestination and Destiny
The Turks hold a strong belief that every person’s destiny is written on their forehead at birth. They call this
Fair Taxation
Christians are to be taxed only according to their ability. No one shall pay more than they can afford. Those
The Young French Ambassador Arrives
When the son of the elderly French ambassador arrived at the Ottoman court, he was immediately called to an audience.
Popular Forms of Government in the Islamic World
It is not far from our subject to speak about two forms of government that were almost completely popular in