Variations in Bulgarian Foreign Trade
During the three quinquennial periods, the foreign trade of Bulgaria showed significant changes in both exports and imports. Examining these variations helps us understand which countries are key trading partners and how the balance of trade has shifted over time.
Exports Compared to Imports
The exports of Bulgaria to some countries decreased relative to imports. For example:
France: During the first period, Bulgarian exports to France were 467.9 francs for every 100 francs of imports. This decreased to 264.1 francs in the second period and further to 130.8 francs during 1900–1904.
Germany: Exports fell from 102.6 francs during the first period and 114.5 francs during the second period to 85 francs during the last period, per 100 francs of imports from Germany.
These decreases show that Bulgaria exported less in comparison with what it imported from these countries, indicating a growing import dependence for certain goods.
Significant Increases in Exports
Conversely, Bulgaria’s exports to Belgium increased sharply. During the first period, exports were only 71.7 francs per 100 francs of Belgian goods imported. By the second period, exports rose to 269.9 francs, and during 1900–1904, they reached 1,019.4 francs. This dramatic increase highlights Belgium as a major buyer of Bulgarian products, especially cereals and other agricultural goods.
Exports to countries such as Greece, the United States, and England also grew proportionally with imports, showing balanced trade relations.
Overall Trade Growth
The general trend shows a steady growth in Bulgaria’s export trade relative to imports. During the first period, for every 100 francs of imports, exports amounted to only 88 francs. By the second period, exports slightly exceeded imports, and during 1900–1904, exports exceeded imports by more than 25%. This demonstrates that Bulgaria became increasingly export-oriented, improving its trade balance Private Ephesus Tours.
Composition of Bulgarian Trade
Understanding foreign trade also requires knowing what goods are imported and exported. Bulgarian statistical authorities classify commerce into 28 categories, further divided into 890 types of goods. This detailed classification helps identify which products are in high demand and which are produced in surplus, guiding both trade and economic policy.